一、The Mitochondrion: Scene of the ActionThe average adult human synthesizes ATP at a rate of nearly 10^21^ molecules per second, equivalent to producing his or her own weight in ATP every day. Glycoly

一、Overview of Pyruvate Oxidation and the Citric Acid Cycle The citric acid cycle is the central oxidative pathway in respiration, the process by which all metabolic fuels—carbohydrate, lipid, and pro

一、Glycolysis: An OverviewCatabolic and anabolic processes in anaerobic carbohydrate metabolism The gold arrows show the glycolytic pathway and the breakdown of polysaccharides that supply this pathway

一、A First Look at MetabolismDifferent Kinds of Organisms1. Two Major CategoriesMetabolism can be subdivided into two major categories: Catabolism（分解代谢） - those processes in which complex substances a

常用颜色代码，包括十六进制和RGB代码。

常用颜色代码，包括十六进制和RGB代码。

常用绘图命令

What is membrane trafficking Membrane trafficking is the process by which proteins, pathogens, and other macromolecules are distributed throughout the cell, and released to or internalised from the e

一、Principles of cell communicationWays of cell communication: Contact mediated display molecules on cell surface recognized by receptor on another cell Non-contact mediated chemical signal nearby o

一、Structure of GPCRs and G-proteins Trimeric G Proteins Relay Signals From GPCRs G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) form the largest family of cell-surface receptors, and they mediate most responses