L01 The Scope of Biochemistry

1.The Chemical Elements of Living Matter

Tiers	Element
First Tier（Essential）	Carbon(C); Hydrogen(H); Nitrogen(N); Oxygen(O)
Second Tier（Required）	Calcium(Ca); Chlorine(Cl); Magnesium(Mg); Phosphorus(P); Potassium(K); Sodium(Na); Sulfur(S)
Third Tier	Cobalt(Co); Copper(Cu); Iron(Fe); Manganese(Mn); Zinc(Zn)
Fourth Tier	Aluminum(Al); Arsenic(As); Boron(B); Bromine(Br); Chromium(Cr); Fluorine(F); Gallium(Ga); Iodine(I); Molybdenum(Mo); Nickel(Ni); Selenium(Se); Silicon(Si); Tungsten(W); Vanadium(V);

2.Bioenergetics

Biopolymers: macromolecules created by joining many smaller organic molecules (monomers)
Condensation Reactions: Condensation reactions join monomers (H2O is removed in the process)